Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - grain
Grain
grain
n. & v. --n. 1 a fruit or seed of a cereal. 2 a (collect.) wheat or any allied grass used as food, corn. b (collect.) their fruit. c any particular species of corn. 3 a a small hard particle of salt, sand, etc. b a discrete particle or crystal, usu. small, in a rock or metal. c a piece of solid propellant for use in a rocket engine. 4 the smallest unit of weight in the troy system (equivalent to 1/480 of an ounce), and in the avoirdupois system (equivalent to 1/437.5 of an ounce). 5 the smallest possible quantity (not a grain of truth in it). 6 a roughness of surface. b Photog. a granular appearance on a photograph or negative. 7 the texture of skin, wood, stone, etc.; the arrangement and size of constituent particles. 8 a a pattern of lines of fibre in wood or paper. b lamination or planes of cleavage in stone, coal, etc. 9 nature, temper, tendency. 10 a hist. kermes or cochineal, or dye made from either of these. b poet. dye; colour. --v. 1 tr. paint in imitation of the grain of wood or marble. 2 tr. give a granular surface to. 3 tr. dye in grain. 4 tr. & intr. form into grains. 5 tr. remove hair from (hides). Phrases and idioms against the grain contrary to one's natural inclination or feeling. grain-leather leather dressed with grain-side out. grain-side the side of a hide on which the hair was. grains of Paradise capsules of a W. African plant (Aframomum melegueta), used as a spice and a drug. in grain thorough, genuine, by nature, downright, indelible. Derivatives grained adj. (also in comb.). grainer n. grainless adj. Etymology: ME f. OF f. L granum
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1.
I. noun see: corn Date: 14th century 1. a. a single small hard seed, a seed or fruit of a cereal grass ; caryopsis, the seeds or fruits of various food plants including the cereal grasses and in commercial and statutory usage other plants (as the soybean), plants producing ~, 2. a. a small hard particle or crystal, any of the particles produced in a photographic material by its development, an individual crystal in a metal, a minute portion or particle, the least amount possible , 3. kermes or a scarlet dye made from it, cochineal or a brilliant scarlet dye made from it, a fast dye, color, tint, 4. a granulated surface or appearance, the outer or hair side of a skin or hide, a unit of weight based on the weight of a ~ of wheat taken as an average of the weight of ~s from the middle of the ear, 6. the stratification of the wood fibers in a piece of wood, a texture due to constituent particles or fibers , the direction of threads in cloth, tactile quality, 8. natural disposition ; temper , a basic or characteristic quality, a prevalent ideology or convention , ~ed adjective ~less adjective II. verb Date: 1530 transitive verb in~, to form into ~s ; granulate, to paint in imitation of the ~ of wood or stone, to feed with ~, intransitive verb to become granular ; granulate, ~er noun ...Толковый словарь английского языка
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